Rare metal granites (RMG; Černý et al., 2005) and pegmatites (London, 2008, 2018; Černý et al., 2005; Černý and Ercit, 2005) may represent favorable hosts for European critical raw materials (CRM) and industrial minerals. These magmatic bodies may show a strong enrichment in various metals such as Li, Ta, Nb, Sn, W, Be, Cs and REEs, which are of great interest for Europe. They are also storehouses for many industrial minerals such as feldspar, quartz, mica and kaolin (e.g. Glover et al., 2012).

A model of genesis suggesting irregular zoned regional distribution of pegmatite bodies related to a parental granite (London, 2005, 2008) is widely accepted although still debated in several European locations (e.g., Shaw et al., 2016; Müller et al., 2017); special metamorphism-related exceptions from the model were quantitatively modelled (Konzett et al., 2018). Observable clustering of NYF (Nb-Y+REE-Fluorine) or LCT (Li-Cs-Ta) pegmatites, RMG and related greisens may be controlled by: 1) a pre-existing metals-rich source; 2) presence of lithospheric thickening, which may reflect a favourable process to re-concentrate metals; 3) a well-developed regional or local extensional regime with fluid activity; and 4) existence of high permeability fractured zones acting as channel ways for exogenous processes (e.g., Deveaud et al, 2013; Deveaud et al., 2015; Gourcerol et al., 2019).

In Europe, mainly through the Variscan orogeny, a considerable amounts of granitic intrusions and several districts of RMG (e.g., Podlesi, Sejby and Homolka granites in the Czech Republic; Chavence and Les Châtelliers granites in France), related greisens (e.g. Hnilec, Dlha Dolina in Slovakia; Beauvoir, Montebras in France; Cinovec, Krupka in Czech Republic) and NYF or LCT pegmatites (e.g., multiple pegmatite fields in the Bohemian Massif) occurrences have been identified (e.g., Matte et al., 1991; Černý et al., 2005; Cháb et al., 2010; Novák and Cempírek, 2010; Melleton et al., 2012; Ackerman et al., 2017).

In the Carpathian-Balkan area, the Variscan orogeny is illustrated mainly through occurrences in granitic rocks with I- and S- type affinity and occurrences of rare-element pegmatites that may not be necessarily linked to known specific igneous bodies. On the other hand, some Permian granites from the West-Carpathian area show promising rare-metal content potential. Despite previous mining production of some pegmatite resources mainly for ceramic materials, the area potential for CRM (e.g. lithium and rare elements such as Be, REE, Nb, Ta, Sn, W) is still weakly explored, as pointed out by Gourcerol et al. (2019).